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Analysis Note

The activity is measured in culture by the ability to enhance neurite outgrowth of cerebral cortical neurons from rat embryos.

Application

PTN is active in growth and development, and has mitogenic and neurite outgrowth activity. The gene for pleiotrophin is highly expressed in brain, uterus, gut, muscle, lung, and skin tissues

Biochem/physiol Actions

Pleiotrophin may be the first member of a family of developmentally regulated cytokines. It is active in growth and development and the pleiotrophin gene is highly expressed in brain, uterus, gut, muscle, lung, and skin. Pleiotrophin mRNA is expressed in osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, astrocytes, Schwann cells, and tumor cells. Pleiotrophin is mitogenic and displays neurite outgrowth activity. It stimulates tumor angiogenesis. Pleiotrophin is also known as heparin-binding brain mitogen (HBBM), heparin-binding growth factor-8 (HBGF-8), heparin-binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM) and osteoblast-specific factor (OSF-1). There is extraordinary conservation between the amino acid sequences of bovine, human, and rat pleiotrophin.

Pleiotrophin participates in growth and development. Pleiotrophin is mitogenic and displays neurite outgrowth activity. It stimulates tumor angiogenesis. There is extraordinary conservation between the amino acid sequences of bovine, human, and rat pleiotrophin.

General description

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a multifunctional growth factor. The protein coded by the PTN gene is a member of the heparin-binding cytokines family. This gene is located on human chromosome 7. Pleiotrophin is also known as heparin-binding brain mitogen (HBBM), heparin-binding growth factor-8 (HBGF-8), heparin-binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM) and osteoblast-specific factor (OSF-1). This gene is highly expressed in brain, uterus, gut, muscle, lung and skin. Pleiotrophin mRNA is expressed in osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tumor cells, fibroblasts, astrocytes and Schwann cells.

Physical form

Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution in phosphate buffered saline.