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Biochem/physiol Actions

NANOG is one of the central genes regulating self-renewal and pluripotency capacities of embryonic stem cells (ESC). Constitutive expression of this gene prevents the differentiation of ESCs, and along with SOX2 (SRY-box 4) and OCT-4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4), it regulates pluripotency-related gene expression and maintains the pluripotency of ESCs. During ESC differentiation both these genes are down-regulated, and gene profiling shows that the expression of NANOG is uniformly high in ESC lines. There is significant similarity between ESC and carcinoma in situ testis (CIS), including the high expression of NANOG. It is novel marker for testicular CIS and germ cell tumors. NANOG shows abnormal expression in a variety of human cancers, such as carcinomas of the brain, oral cavity, head and neck, breast, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, gastric, cervix, ovary, prostate, and colon. This expression is also related to treatment resistance and poor survival of cancer patients.

General description

NANOG gene is localized to human chromosome 12p13.31 and has multiple pseudogenes. This gene is composed of four exons, three introns, and a 915bp open reading frame (ORF). The encoded protein was first discovered in ESCs (embryonic stem cells) and is a divergent homeobox domain protein. NANOG protein is composed of 305 amino acids and a central homeodomain (HD). This HD is composed of an unstructured N-terminal arm, a bundle of three α-helices (H1–H3) interlinked by loops.Recombinant human Nanog is a 34.7kDa protein, which is synthesized as a 304 amino acid polypeptide lacking a signal sequence for secretion.

Physical form

Lyophilized with 10 mM Acetic Acid.

Reconstitution

Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For extended storage, it is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) and store in working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C.

Sequence

SVDPACPQSL PCFEASDCKE SSPMPVICGP EENYPSLQMS SAEMPHTETV SPLPSSMDLL IQDSPDSSTS PKGKQPTSAE NSVAKKEDKV PVKKQKTRTV FSSTQLCVLN DRFQRQKYLS LQQMQELSNI LNLSYKQVKT WFQNQRMKSK RWQKNNWPKN SNGVTQKASA PTYPSLYSSY HQGCLVNPTG NLPMWSNQTW NNSTWSNQTQ NIQSWSNHSW NTQTWCTQSW NNQAWNSPFY NCGEESLQSC MQFQPNSPAS DLEAALEAAG EGLNVIQQTT RYFSTPQTMD LFLNYSMNMQ PEDV