Not available outside of the UK & Ireland.

Application

Caffeine has been used:to functionally disable Ca²⁺ removal via sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase (SERCA)to determine its effects in overcoming excitation-contraction-coupling failureto compare its role as a stimulant with guarana

Biochem/physiol Actions

A central nervous system stimulant believed to act through adenosine receptors and monoamine neurotransmitters. It is an adenosine receptor antagonist and adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Thus, levels of cAMP increase in cells following treatment with caffeine. It has been reported to affect cellular calcium levels, releasing calcium from intracellular stores. It overrides the cell cycle effects of various chemicals such as protease inhibitors, preventing apoptosis; and it has been shown to inhibit cellular DNA repair mechanisms.

General description

Caffeine is a commonly consumed pharmacologically active substance. It is a member of the class of methylxanthines. It is a natural alkaloid found in coffee, cocoa and other plants. Caffeine might be linked to osteoporosis, cardiovascular risk, arrhythmia and gastrointestinal disturbances. Caffeine is used to treat orthostatic hypotension, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and apnea of prematurity (AOP).

Packaging

250 g in poly bottle

1 kg in poly drum