Not available outside of the UK & Ireland.
Application
Insulin is used as a growth factor in many mammalian cell culture systems.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Two-chain polypeptide hormone produced by the β-cells of pancreatic islets. Its molecular weight is ~5800 Da. The α and β chains are joined by two interchain disulfide bonds. The α chain contains an intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat.
Other Notes
InChI: 1S/C254H377N65O75S6/c1-29-131(24)205(312-192(334)103-256)250(389)317-204(130(22)23)246(385)287-158(74-81-199(344)345)216(355)281-155(70-77-188(260)330)220(359)307-183-116-399-400-117-184-242(381)305-177(110-321)238(377)293-161(87-122(6)7)223(362)294-167(94-139-52-60-145(324)61-53-139)226(365)282-153(68-75-186(258)328)217(356)289-160(86-121(4)5)221(360)284-157(73-80-198(342)343)219(358)301-173(100-189(261)331)233(372)297-169(96-141-56-64-147(326)65-57-141)229(368)308-182(241(380)303-175(253(393)394)102-191(263)333)115-398-396-113-180(212(351)270-106-193(335)277-152(71-78-196(338)339)215(354)280-150(50-41-83-268-254(264)265)210(349)269-107-194(336)278-165(92-137-45-35-31-36-46-137)225(364)296-166(93-138-47-37-32-38-48-138)228(367)298-170(97-142-58-66-148(327)67-59-142)236(375)318-206(135(28)323)251(390)319-84-42-51-185(319)244(383)285-151(49-39-40-82-255)213(352)276-134(27)252(391)392)310-248(387)202(128(18)19)315-234(373)163(89-124(10)11)291-227(366)168(95-140-54-62-146(325)63-55-140)295-222(361)159(85-120(2)3)288-207(346)132(25)274-214(353)156(72-79-197(340)341)286-245(384)201(127(16)17)314-235(374)164(90-125(12)13)292-231(370)172(99-144-105-267-119-273-144)300-237(376)176(109-320)279-195(337)108-271-211(350)179(112-395-397-114-181(309-243(183)382)240(379)275-133(26)208(347)304-178(111-322)239(378)316-203(129(20)21)249(388)311-184)306-224(363)162(88-123(8)9)290-230(369)171(98-143-104-266-118-272-143)299-218(357)154(69-76-187(259)329)283-232(371)174(101-190(262)332)302-247(386)200(126(14)15)313-209(348)149(257)91-136-43-33-30-34-44-136/h30-38,43-48,52-67,104-105,118-135,149-185,200-206,320-327H,29,39-42,49-51,68-103,106-117,255-257H2,1-28H3,(H2,258,328)(H2,259,329)(H2,260,330)(H2,261,331)(H2,262,332)(H2,263,333)(H,266,272)(H,267,273)(H,269,349)(H,270,351)(H,271,350)(H,274,353)(H,275,379)(H,276,352)(H,277,335)(H,278,336)(H,279,337)(H,280,354)(H,281,355)(H,282,365)(H,283,371)(H,284,360)(H,285,383)(H,286,384)(H,287,385)(H,288,346)(H,289,356)(H,290,369)(H,291,366)(H,292,370)(H,293,377)(H,294,362)(H,295,361)(H,296,364)(H,297,372)(H,298,367)(H,299,357)(H,300,376)(H,301,358)(H,302,386)(H,303,380)(H,304,347)(H,305,381)(H,306,363)(H,307,359)(H,308,368)(H,309,382)(H,310,387)(H,311,388)(H,312,334)(H,313,348)(H,314,374)(H,315,373)(H,316,378)(H,317,389)(H,318,375)(H,338,339)(H,340,341)(H,342,343)(H,344,345)(H,391,392)(H,393,394)(H4,264,265,268)/t131-,132-,133-,134-,135+,149-,150-,151-,152-,153-,154-,155-,156-,157-,158-,159-,160-,161-,162-,163-,164-,165-,166-,167-,168-,169-,170-,171-,172-,173-,174-,175-,176-,177-,178-,179-,180-,181-,182-,183-,184-,185-,200-,201-,202-,203-,204-,205-,206-/m0/s1
Physical form
powder-0 °C; solution stable 2-8 °C, 1 year
Reconstitution
To prepare 10 mg/ml stock solution, add 10 ml of acidified H2O (pH ≤2) - prepared by addition of glacial acetic acid (approx. 0.1 ml).